IDENTIFICATION (with reason) OF Macrobrachium sp. (B.Sc. ZOOLOGY_CCF-CC5_SEM4)

 Identifying features are:

1. Multicellular heterotroph.
2. embryonic development, preceded by heterogametic fertilization.

            Hence, the specimen belongs to the Kingdom Animalia.

1. Segmented body covered by chitinous cuticle.
2. Body segment bear paired externally jointed appendages.
3. Anterior photoreceptors are present.

           Hence, the specimen belongs to the Phylum Arthropoda.

1. Carapace is covered the dorsal surface.
2. Head bears a pair of compound eyes located on movable stalk.
3. Two pairs of pre oral & Three pairs of post oral appendages are present on the head.
4. Antennules are uniramous but other appendages are biramous.
5. Phyllopodium or Stenopodium are biramous appendages.

               Hence, the specimen belongs to the Sub Phylum Crustacea.

1. Stalked eye
2. Eight segments are present in thorax & six or seven on abdomen.
3. Fan like tail has uropod & telson.
4. Compound eyes.

            Hence, the specimen belongs to the Class Malacostraca.

1. Antenna without three flagella.
2. Seventh abdominal segment lacking.

            Hence, the specimen belongs to the Sub Class Eumalacostraca.

1. Elongated spindle shaped body.
2. Carapace well developed drawn anteriorly into a rostrum.
3. Elongated rostrum.
4. Presence of antennal & hepatic spine.
5. 19 pairs biramous appendages (5 pairs cephalic,8 pairs thoracic,6 pairs abdominal)
6. First & second thoracic legs chelate, second pair is larger.

             Hence, the specimen belongs to the Genus Macrobrachium

Systematic Position (Ruppert & Barnes 1994)

 Kingdom: Animalia

   Phylum: Arthropoda

         Sub Phylum :Crustacea

                 Class: Malacostraca

                     Sub Class: Eumalacostraca

                           Genus: Macrobrachium

IDENTIFICATION (with reason) OF Buthus sp. (B.Sc. ZOOLOGY_CCF-CC5_SEM4)

  Identifying features are:

1. Multicellular heterotroph.
2. embryonic development, preceded by heterogametic fertilization.

            Hence, the specimen belongs to the Kingdom Animalia.

1. Segmented body covered by chitinous cuticle.
2. Body segment bear paired externally jointed appendages.
3. Anterior photoreceptors are present.

           Hence, the specimen belongs to the Phylum Arthropoda

1. Body is divisible into cephalothorax or prosoma & opisthosoma.
2. Prosoma bears 6 pairs of appendages.
3. First two pairs of appendages are chelicerae & pedipalpi.
4. Prosoma bears six pairs of appendages.
5. Median Ocelli present.
6. Book gill or book-lung is present.

         Hence, the specimen belongs to the Sub Phylum: Chelicerata

1. Body divisible into cephalothorax & abdomen.
2. Prosoma unsegmented, bears a pair of chelicerae, a pair of pedipalps & four pairs of walking legs.
3. Body terminates into poisonous sting.
4. Usually simple eyed.

          Hence, the specimen belongs to the Class: Arachnida

1. Elongated body, dorsoventrally flattened.
2. Anterior part of the body is broader than posterior part.
3. Second segment of mesosome bears comb like pectines.
4. Walking legs four pairs.
5. Stigmata are ventrally situated from 3rd to 6th segments of mesosoma.
6. A pair of median eyes & two to five pairs of lateral eyes present.
7. Terminal metasomal segment bulb-like & with a slightly curved, sharply pointed sting.

             Hence, the specimen seems to be Buthus sp.

Systematic Position (Ruppert & Barnes 1994)

 Kingdom: Animalia

   Phylum: Arthropoda

         Sub Phylum :Chelicerata

                 Class: Arachnida

                           Genus: Buthus

IDENTIFICATION (with reason) OF Limulus sp. (B.Sc. ZOOLOGY_CCF-CC5_SEM4)

    Identifying features are:

1. Multicellular heterotroph.
2. embryonic development, preceded by heterogametic fertilization.

            Hence, the specimen belongs to the Kingdom Animalia.

1. Segmented body covered by chitinous cuticle.
2. Body segment bear paired externally jointed appendages.
3. Anterior photoreceptors are present.

           Hence, the specimen belongs to the Phylum Arthropoda

1. Body is divisible into cephalothorax or prosoma & opisthosoma.
2. Prosoma bears 6 pairs of appendages.
3. First two pairs of appendages are chelicerae & pedipalpi.
4. Prosoma bears six pairs of appendages.
5. Median Ocelli present.
6. Book gill or book-lung is present.

         Hence, the specimen belongs to the Sub Phylum: Chelicerata

1. Prosoma with chelicerae & 5 pairs of appendages.
2. Opisthosoma is divided into mesosoma & metasoma.
3. Well developed compound eyes.
4. Mesosoma bears 5 or 6 pairs of biramous, lamelliform appendages, except the first one.
5. Telson is present.

          Hence, the specimen belongs to the Class: Merostomata

1.  A hinge divided Prosoma & Opisthosoma.
2. Three segmented Chelicera is present.
3. Presence of six segmented Pedipalpi  with spiny gnathobases.
4. Mouth is elongated & bounded by epistome & chilaria.

            Hence, the specimen belongs to the Sub Class: Xiphosura

1. Prosoma has an unsegmented horse shoe shaped carapace with bent edges to form a doublure.
2. Carapace has one median & two lateral ridges.
3. Opisthosoma has serrated edges. Six pairs of movable spines are present. 
4. Mesosomatic appendages are genital operculum & book gills.
5. Post anal caudal spine hinged and freely movable

           Hence, the specimen seems to be King crab Limulus sp.

Systematic Position (Ruppert & Barnes 1994)

 Kingdom: Animalia

   Phylum: Arthropoda

         Sub Phylum :Chelicerata

                 Class: Merostomata

                    SubClass: Xiphosura

                           Genus: Limulus

IDENTIFICATION (with reason) OF Madrepora sp. (B.Sc. ZOOLOGY_CCF-CC5_SEM4)

   Identifying features are:

1. Multicellular heterotroph.
2. embryonic development, preceded by heterogametic fertilization.

            Hence, the specimen belongs to the Kingdom Animalia.

1. Soft-bodied, polymorphic mesozoa with radial and biradial symmetry.
2. Ectoderm & endoderm separated by a noncellular mesoglea.
3. Single gastrovascular cavity.
4. Polypoid zooids which possess single body cavity,the coelenteron, with a solitary mouth.
5. Mouth is guarded by a circlet of tentacles.
6. Outer body wall possesses numerous cnidoblasts (or cnidocytes).

                  Hence, the specimen belongs to the Phylum Cnidaria.

1. Only polypoid forms are present.
2. Stomodaeum is present with a pair of siphonoglyphs.
3. Pharynx is a hanging tube inside gastrovascular cavity.
4. Marginal tentacles around mouth.
5. Mesoglea acts as connective tissue.
6. Presence of mesentries.

            Hence, the specimen belongs to the Class Anthozoa.

1. Tentacles are numerous, simple ,branched & hollow.
2. Mesentries may be complete or incomplete.
3. Tentacles & mesentries are in hexamerous cycles.
4. Usually with two siphonoglyphs.

              Hence, the specimen belongs to the Sub Class Hexacorallia.

1. Coenenchyma is tree like, branched ,colonial form.
2. Small polyps, lodged in cylindrical cups or porous corallites, separated by perforated coenosteum.
3. Terminal & lateral polyps bear 6 & 12 tentacles respectively.
4. Polyps are flowerlike.
5. Gullet short & devoid of siphonoglyphs.

            Hence, the specimen seems to be Madrepora sp.

Systematic Position (Ruppert & Barnes 1994)

 Kingdom: Animalia

   Phylum: Cnidaria

     Class: Anthozoa

         SubClass: Hexacorallia

            Genus: Madrepora

IDENTIFICATION (with reason) OF Metridium sp. (B.Sc. ZOOLOGY_CCF-CC5_SEM4)

  Identifying features are:

1. Multicellular heterotroph.
2. embryonic development, preceded by heterogametic fertilization.

            Hence, the specimen belongs to the Kingdom Animalia.

1. Soft-bodied, polymorphic mesozoa with radial and biradial symmetry.
2. Ectoderm & endoderm separated by a noncellular mesoglea.
3. Single gastrovascular cavity.
4. Polypoid zooids which possess single body cavity,the coelenteron, with a solitary mouth.
5. Mouth is guarded by a circlet of tentacles.
6. Outer body wall possesses numerous cnidoblasts (or cnidocytes).

                  Hence, the specimen belongs to the Phylum Cnidaria.

1. Only polypoid forms are present.
2. Stomodaeum is present with a pair of siphonoglyphs.
3. Pharynx is a hanging tube inside gastrovascular cavity.
4. Marginal tentacles around mouth.
5. Mesoglea acts as connective tissue.
6. Presence of mesentries.

            Hence, the specimen belongs to the Class Anthozoa.

1. Tentacles are numerous, simple ,branched & hollow.
2. Mesentries may be complete or incomplete.
3. Tentacles & mesentries are in hexamerous cycles.
4. Usually with two siphonoglyphs.

              Hence, the specimen belongs to the Sub Class Hexacorallia.

1. Short,cylindrical body,divided into pedal disc,column & oral disc.
2. Pedal disc for attachment to the substratum.
3. cylindrical column.
4. Slit-shaped mouth at the centre of oral disc.
5. Mouth leads into short gullet with siphonoglyphs.
6. Mouth is surrounded by many short & conical tentacles in 5 or 6 circles.

    Hence, the specimen seems to be Metridium sp.

Systematic Position (Ruppert & Barnes 1994)

 Kingdom: Animalia

   Phylum: Cnidaria

     Class: Anthozoa

         SubClass: Hexacorallia

            Genus: Metridium

IDENTIFICATION (with reason) OF Aurelia sp. (B.Sc. ZOOLOGY_CCF-CC5_SEM4)

  Identifying features are:

1. Multicellular heterotroph.
2. embryonic development, preceded by heterogametic fertilization.

            Hence, the specimen belongs to the Kingdom Animalia.

1. Soft-bodied, polymorphic mesozoa with radial and biradial symmetry.
2. Ectoderm & endoderm separated by a noncellular mesoglea.
3. Single gastrovascular cavity.
4. Polypoid zooids which possess single body cavity,the coelenteron, with a solitary mouth.
5. Mouth is guarded by a circlet of tentacles.
6. Outer body wall possesses numerous cnidoblasts (or cnidocytes).

                  Hence, the specimen belongs to the Phylum Cnidaria .

1. Umbrella shaped medusoid form.
2. Presence of tentaculocysts.
3. Gonads are lodged in gastrodermis.

                 Hence. the specimen belongs to the Class Hydrozoa.

1. Saucer-shaped  inverted umbrella with tetramerous radial symmetry.
2. Outline of umbrella is notched and housed by eight pairs of marginal lappets.
3. Numerous small tentacles are present between two notches.
4. Large squarish mouth at the centre of subumbrellar surface.
5. Long, frilled and tapering oral arms, lying one at each angle of mouth.
6. Inner side of oral arms have ciliated grooves.
7. Subumbrellar contains marginal tentacles, 8 marginal lappets & 8 tentaculocysts.
8. Four horseshoe-shaped gonads and per, inter and adradially arranged canals are visible on the surface of umbrella.

                Hence, the specimen seems to be Aurelia sp.

Systematic Position (Ruppert & Barnes 1994)

 Kingdom: Animalia

   Phylum: Cnidaria

     Class: Scyphozoa

          Genus: Aurelia

IDENTIFICATION (with reason) OF Obelia sp. (B.Sc. ZOOLOGY_CCF-CC5_SEM4)

  Identifying features are:

1. Multicellular heterotroph.
2. embryonic development, preceded by heterogametic fertilization.

            Hence, the specimen belongs to the Kingdom Animalia.

1. Soft-bodied, polymorphic mesozoa with radial and biradial symmetry.
2. Ectoderm & endoderm separated by a noncellular mesoglea.
3. Single gastrovascular cavity.
4. Polypoid zooids which possess single body cavity,the coelenteron, with a solitary mouth.
5. Mouth is guarded by a circlet of tentacles.
6. Outer body wall possesses numerous cnidoblasts (or cnidocytes).

                  Hence, the specimen belongs to the Phylum Cnidaria .

1. Presence of polypoid or medusoid or both forms of zooids.
2. Polypoid forms are surrounded by a chitinous or calcareous skeleton.
3. Polyp without ridges or gastric filaments.
4. Undivided gastrovascular cavity.
5. gonads ectodermal.
6. Presence of non-cellular mesoglea.

                 Hence. the specimen belongs to the Class Hydrozoa.

1. Presence of hollow, thread-like, horizontal hydrorhiza and vertical hydrocaulus.
2. Hydrocaulus bears polypoid zooids on either side of it.
3. Tree like branched,trimorphic colony.
4. Gastrozooid barrel-shaped bearing hypostome with mouth & tentacles at the distal end.
5. Blastostyle bears medusae.
6. The entire colony is covered by an inner living coenosarc and an outer chitinous perisarc.
7. Presence of manubrium encircled by 24 solid, long, tapering, filliform tentacles.

              Hence, the specimen seems to be Obelia sp. (Polyp stage).

1. Umbrella-like,free swimming zooid form.
2. A concave subumbrella and a convex exumbrella surface is present.
3. Manubrium, bears mouth, hangs from the centre of the subumnbrella.
4. Margin thickened to form a velum.
5. Tentacles of the velum bear sense organs at the base.
6. A gastric cavity, four radial canals and a circular canal constitute the gastrovascular system.
7. Gonads are four rounded, hang from the subumbreller surface at about the middle of radial canals.

               Hence, the specimen seems to be Obelia sp. (Medusa stage).

Systematic Position (Ruppert & Barnes 1994)

Kingdom: Animalia

  Phylum: Cnidaria

     Class: Hydrozoa

         Genus: Obelia

IDENTIFICATION (with reason) OF Trypanosoma sp. (B.Sc. ZOOLOGY_CCF-CC5_SEM4)

 Identifying features are:

1. Microscopic, unicellular eukaryotic organism.

2. Irregular or definite body shape.

3. Locomotory organelles pseudopodia,cilia or flagella.

                   Hence, the specimen belongs to the Kingdom: Protozoa. 

1. Monomorphic type of nucleus.
2. Presence of flagella, Pseudopodia or both.
3. No spore formation.
4. Sexual reproduction, if present, essentially syngamy.

                        Hence,the specimen belongs to the Phylum: Sarcomastigophora

1. Locomotory organs flagella one or more.
2. Pellicle is formed by a thin, firm, elastic outer layer of ectoplasm.

                     Hence, the specimen belongs to the Sub Phylum: Mastigophora

1. Locomotory organs are flagella one or more.
2. Chromatophores absent. Amoeboid forms with or without flagella.
3. Pellicle is present.
4. Single mitochondrion extending whole length of body as single tube, hoop, or network of branching tubes.

           Hence, the specimen belongs to the Class: Zoomastigophorea

1. Presence of an undulating membrane.
2. A single nucleus.
3. Presence of Kinetoplast near flagellar kinetosomes.

           Hence, the specimen belongs to the Order: Kinetoplastida

1. Length of the Body is 15-34 um, width 1.5-3.0um.
2. Highly flattened body fusiform, pointed at the flagellar end & bluntly rounded or pointed at the other end.
3. Nucleus central. It contains a large central nucleolus; endoplasmic reticulum appear to project out from the nuclear membrane.
4. A single flagellum arises from the basal blepheroplast and runs along the free edge of a well-developed undulating membrane.
5. Flagellum is free at the anterior end of the body.
6. Stumpy form may appear sporadically.

           Hence, the specimen seems to be Trypanosoma sp

Systematic position (Levine et al,1980)

Kingdom: Protozoa

  Phylum: Sarcomastigophora

    Sub Phylum: Mastigophora

        Class: Zoomastigophorea

           Order: Kinetoplastida

                Genus: Trypanosoma

IDENTIFICATION (with reason) OF Entamoeba sp. (B.Sc. ZOOLOGY_CCF-CC5_SEM4)

Identifying Characters are:

1. Microscopic, unicellular eukaryotic organism.

2. Irregular or definite body shape.

3. Locomotory organelles pseudopodia,cilia or flagella.

                   Hence, the specimen belongs to the Kingdom: Protozoa. 

1. Monomorphic type of nucleus.
2. Presence of flagella, Pseudopodia or both.
3. No spore formation.
4. Sexual reproduction, if present, essentially syngamy.

             Hence,the specimen belongs to the Phylum: Sarcomastigophora.

1. Naked body with external or internal test or skeleton.
2. Organ of locomotion pseudopodia.
3. Asexual reproduction by fission, sexuality, if present, associated with flagellate or more rarely amoeboid gametes.
4. Free living.

               Hence,the specimen belongs to the Sub Phylum: Sarcodina

1. Creeping form.
2. Locomotion by pseudopodia formation.

              Hence, the specimen belongs to the Super Class: Rhizopoda.

1. Pseudopodia lobose or more or less filiform type.
2. Generally uninucleate, but multinucleate forms also found.

              Hence, the  specimen belongs to Class: Lobosea

1. Body is more or less round in shape.
2. 20-40 µm in diameter.
3. Cytoplasm coarsely granulated.  Translucent ectoplasm & granular endoplasm are differentiated clearly.
4. Blade like Pseudopodium.
5. Presence of food vacuoles.
6. Nucleus is composed of delicate nuclear membrane covered by fine peripheral chromatin granules on the inner side & a central Karyosome.
7. Endoplasm contains red blood cells, leucocytes (occasionally),tissue debris & other cellular organelles.

         Hence, the specimen seems to be Trophozoite stage of Entamoeba histolytica.

1. Two to Quadrinucleate, rounded form.
2. 7-9µm in diameter .
3. Clear & hyaline cytoplasm, contains black, rod like chromatoid bodies with round ends.
4.  Presence of 1-4 oblong bar like chromatoid bodies, with rounded ends.

       Hence, the specimen seems to be cystic stage of Entamoeba histolytica.

Systematic Position (Levine et al,1980)

Kingdom: Protozoa

  Phylum: Sarcomastigophora

       Sub Phylum: Sarcodina

           Super Class: Rhizopoda

               Class: Lobosea

                  Sub Class: Gymnamoebia

                        Order: Amoebida

                                Genus:Entamoeba

 Diagram:https://drive.google.com/file/d/12MJp8OiAP54HuL3jo3Xs5328kOC47Jqt/view?usp=sharing  

B.Sc. ZOOLOGY CC5 Dissection diagrams

 Nerve ring of Earthworm:

Male & female reproductive system of Cockroach:

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Znglf0R6oHcNhU0UIVKj1-KiQFFVpixd/view?usp=sharing

Identification of Wuchereria bancrofti /CC-6 (B.SC.ZOOLOGY_MAJOR_CCF)

 Identifying features are:

1. Long slender body, with smooth cuticle & ends are bluntly rounded.
2. Head area is slightly swollen.
3. Two circles of papillae are present on the head region.
4. Small mouth aperture.
5. Male  measures 40 mm in length & 100μm in width. Possesses finger like tail.
6. Female measures 6-10cm in length & about 300μm in width. It possesses vulva near the middle of oesophagus.

        Hence, the specimen seems to be Adult stage of Wuchereria Bancrofti

1. Minute snake like, transparent,colourless cody with a blunt head & a pointed tail.
2. A hyaline sheadth enclosed the body, which projects a little beyond the extremities.
3. Thin  & striated cuticle is present.
4. Central axis of the body ,composed of granules,extends from head to tail.
5. Presence of several intermediate nuclei & promordia of organs.
6. Two shiny spots, anterior rudimentary excretory pore & posterior v -spots are present.

            Hence,the specimen seems to be  Microfilaria of Wuchereria Bancrofti

Systematic Position (Ruppert & Barnes, 1994)

Kingdom :Animalia

  Phylum: Nematoda

    Class: Phasmida

         Genus: Wuchereria

Diagram: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1enggRzz5VSEWFTB33dHYmL9dkK50nC_F/view?usp=sharing

Identification of Ancylostoma duodenale /CC-6 (B.SC.ZOOLOGY_MAJOR_CCF)

 Identifying features are:

1. Elongated body, anterior end is slightly bent dorsally.
2. Buccal capsule is deep, cup shaped, provided with 6 triangular cutting teeth.
3. Mouth opening is guarded bby 1-3 pairs of ventral teeth.
4. In male, tail end possesses copulatory bursa supported by 13 with muscular rays.
5. Cloaca is present.
6. In female, highly developed muscular ovijector (a special structure for throwing eggs in a suitable place) is present.
7. Anus is present.
8. Tail end is pointed.
9. Vulva is present in the posterior half of the body.

            Hence,the specimen seems to be Ancylostoma duodenale

Systematic Position (Ruppert & Barnes, 1994)

Kingdom :Animalia

  Phylum: Nematoda

    Class: Phasmida

         Genus: Ancylostoma

Diagram: https://drive.google.com/file/d/17FPfpVBs0GABznI3ZWwfwGRBiIr_F1aJ/view?usp=sharing

Identification of Ascaris lumbricoides /CC-6 (B.SC.ZOOLOGY_MAJOR_CCF)

 Identifying features are:

1. Elongated, cylindrical, narrow body, bilaterally symmetrical. Pale yellowish brown in colour.
2. Unsegmented body. Body surface is marked by single dorsal, ventral midlines & two lateral lines.
3. Mouth is terminal, guarded by three lips.
4. Tail is curved & pointed (in male) or straight (in female).
5. Anal opening is transverse near posterior end.
6. In male , two penial setae are projecting out from cloaca.
7. In female, a ventral genital pore or gonopore is present near the 1/3 distance from anterior end.
8. On the anteroventral line, excretory pore is present.

                Hence, the specimen seems to be Ascaris lumbricoides

Systematic Position (Ruppert & Barnes, 1994)

Kingdom :Animalia

  Phylum: Nematoda

    Class: Phasmida

         Genus: Ascaris

  

Identification of Echinococcus granulosus /CC-6 (B.SC.ZOOLOGY_MAJOR_CCF)

 Identifying features are:

1. Adult worms  are 3 mm to 6 mm long.
2. Presence of scolex, a short neck, and usually only three proglottids.
3. Nonretractable rostellum bears a double crown of 28 to 50 (usually 30 to 36) hooks.
4. Hermaphrodite.
5. The anterior most segment is immature; the middle one is usually mature; and the terminal one is gravid. 
6. The gravid uterus is an irregular longitudinal sac.
7. Mature cysts contain: Hydatid Fluid, Brood capsules,& Protoscolices.

                       Hence, the Specimen seems to be Echinococcus granulosus

Systematic Position (Ruppert & Barnes,1994)

 Kingdom: Animalia

   Phylum: Platyhelminthes

        Class: Cestoda

              Sub Class: Eucestoda

                      Genus: Echinococcus

Diagram:https://drive.google.com/file/d/17FPfpVBs0GABznI3ZWwfwGRBiIr_F1aJ/view?usp=sharing

Identification of Schistosoma haematobium/CC-6 (B.SC.ZOOLOGY_MAJOR_CCF)

  Identifying features are:

1. Elongated, cylindrical body, pinkish or greyish in colour.
2. Sexual dimorphism is clear.
3. Female is lodged in a ventral gynecophoric canal of male.
4. Oral & ventral suckers are present.
5. Genital aperture is present below the ventral sucker.
6. Alimentary canal consists of mouth, oesophagus and bifid intestine.
7. Intestinal limbs unite and runs posteriorly as a single tube ending blindly.
8. In male, very thin tubercles present on the upper surface. Ventral sucker highly developed.
9. In female, delicate body is slendar with smooth surface. Suckers are weak.
10. Reproductive system of male consists of 4 to 5 testes, vasa efferentia, a short vas deferens & seminal vesicle. In female ovary, oviduct, uterus, ootype &  vitelline glands are present.

Hence, The specimen seems to be Schistosoma haematobium

Systematic Position (Ruppert & Barnes,1994)

 Kingdom: Animalia

   Phylum: Platyhelminthes

        Class: Trematoda

              Sub Class: Digenea

                      Genus: Schistosoma

Diagram:https://drive.google.com/file/d/17FPfpVBs0GABznI3ZWwfwGRBiIr_F1aJ/view?usp=sharing

Identification of Plasmodium vivax /CC6-P (B.SC.ZOOLOGY_MAJOR_CCF)

 Identifying features are:

1. Trophozoite is about 1/3rd the diameter of the infected RBC.
2. Cytoplasm opposite to the chromatin dot is thicker.
3. Growing forms are very irregular in shape enclosing a vacuole.
4. Mature Schizont is larger than the RBC,& almost completely occupies the enlarged RBC.
5. Merozoites are arranged in grape-like clusters.
6. Presence of the granular yellowish-brown haemozoin pigments.
7. Schuffner's dots are present in enlarged, pale RBC's.
8. Gametocytes are spherical or globular & much larger than RBC.

        Hence, the specimen seems to be Plasmodium vivax

Systematic Position (Levine et al,1980)

Kingdom: Protozoa

   Phylum: Apicomplexa

        Class: Sporozoea

              Sub Class: Coccidia

                      Genus: Plasmodium vivax

For labelled diagram :https://drive.google.com/file/d/12MJp8OiAP54HuL3jo3Xs5328kOC47Jqt/view?usp=sharing

Identification of Leishmania donovani /CC6-P (B.SC.ZOOLOGY_MAJOR_CCF)

Identifying features are:

1. Elongated, spindle shaped body.
2. Size 10-20µm in length and 1-5 µm in width.
3. Flagellum is present at its anterior end helps in movement.
4. Kinetoplast, a dense granule of mitochondrial DNA located near the anterior end, typically situated in front of the nucleus and close to the base of the flagellum
5. Single centrally located nucleus is present.

     Hence, the specimen seems to be Promastigote stage of Leishmania donovani

1. Small body, ovoid or round, about 2-5µm in diameter, lodged in vertebrate macrophage.
2. Periplast covered by the body.
3. Cytoplasm if differentiated into ectoplasm & endoplasm.
4. Endoplasm contains a central nucleus, a rod shaped kinetoplast & a basal body.

    Hence, the specimen seems to be Amastigote stage of Leishmania donovani

Systematic Position (Levine et al,1980)

Kingdom: Protozoa

  Phylum: Sarcomastigophora

       Sub Phylum: Mastigophora

            Class: Zoomastigophora

                   Order: Kinetoplastida

                                Genus: Leishmania 

For labelled diagram: https://drive.google.com/file/d/12MJp8OiAP54HuL3jo3Xs5328kOC47Jqt/view?usp=sharing

Identification of Entamoeba histolytica /CC6-P (B.SC.ZOOLOGY_MAJOR_CCF)

Identifying features are:

1. Body is more or less round in shape.
2. 20-40 µm in diameter.
3. Cytoplasm coarsely granulated.  Translucent ectoplasm & granular endoplasm are differentiated clearly.
4. Blade like Pseudopodium.
5. Presence of food vacuoles.
6. Nucleus is composed of delicate nuclear membrane covered by fine peripheral chromatin granules on the inner side & a central Karyosome.
7. Endoplasm contains red blood cells, leucocytes (occasionally),tissue debris & other cellular organelles.

         Hence, the specimen seems to be Trophozoite stage of Entamoeba histolytica.

1. Spherical, colourless body.
2.  10-20 µm in diameter with blunt pseudopodium.
3. A delicate nuclear membrane covered the nucleus. Nucleus internally covered by fine peripheral chromatin granules & a central karyosome.

       Hence, the specimen seems to be Pre-cystic stage of Entamoeba histolytica.

1. Two to Quadrinucleate, rounded form.
2. 7-9µm in diameter .
3. Clear & hyaline cytoplasm, contains black, rod like chromatoid bodies with round ends.
4.  Presence of 1-4 oblong bar like chromatoid bodies, with rounded ends.

       Hence, the specimen seems to be cystic stage of Entamoeba histolytica.

Systematic Position (Levine et al,1980)

Kingdom: Protozoa

 Phylum: Sarcomastigophora

       Sub Phylum: Sarcodina

           Super Class: Rhizopoda

              Class: Lobosea

                  Sub Class: Gymnamoebia

                        Order: Amoebida

                                Genus:Entamoeba

 Diagram:https://drive.google.com/file/d/12MJp8OiAP54HuL3jo3Xs5328kOC47Jqt/view?usp=sharing